Submissions

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Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.
  • The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
  • The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, or RTF document file format.
  • Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.
  • The text is single-spaced; uses a 12-point font; employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.
  • The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.

Author Guidelines

1. Writing Rules

Manuscripts submitted to the International Business and Economic Review (IBER) should adhere to the following preparation standards to ensure clarity, consistency, and compliance with international academic norms in Business and Economics.

All manuscripts must be submitted in MS Word (.docx or .doc). PDF submissions are not accepted at the initial stage.

Manuscripts should be between 3,000 and 12,000 words in total, including references, tables, and appendices.

An abstract of 150–300 words must be provided. The abstract should be written as a single paragraph without citations or footnotes and should briefly summarise the research question, methodology, and key findings.

The main text should be single-spaced, with numbered pages throughout. Each paragraph should be indented, except for the first paragraph under each heading.

Submissions should include the following components, where applicable: Title of the article, Author name(s) and affiliation(s), Abstract and 3–7 keywords, Main body of text divided by appropriate headings, and References.

Referencing and Citation Standards

Authors are required to follow the American Psychological Association (APA) 7th Edition style for all in-text citations and the reference list. In-text citations should follow the author-date format (e.g., Smith, 2020).

Footnotes should be used sparingly and only for brief explanatory notes that cannot be easily integrated into the main text. Citations must not be placed in footnotes but integrated into the text following APA style.

All tables, figures, and diagrams must be numbered consecutively, clearly titled, and cited in the main text. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission for any third-party material.

Manuscripts should use a clear and professional tone, avoiding discriminatory or biased language.

Manuscripts that do not meet these formatting and citation requirements may be returned to the authors for revision before peer review.

2. Plagiarism Policy

At IBER, academic integrity is foundational. Plagiarism—whether intentional or inadvertent—is unacceptable.

Definition and Scope

Plagiarism is defined as presenting another person’s ideas, text, data, or expression without proper attribution. Self-plagiarism (duplicate publication) occurs when an author reuses substantial parts of their own published work without full acknowledgement. The Journal also treats redundant publication, unauthorised translation, and overlapping submissions as violations of ethical publishing standards.

Screening and Detection

All submissions are screened via plagiarism-detection software (e.g., iThenticate) to assess similarity indices and potential overlap. The Editorial Office reserves the right to evaluate similarity reports manually to distinguish between acceptable overlap (e.g., quoted text, common phrases) and unethical copying.

Thresholds and Actions

The IBER employs a tolerance level of up to 15% for similarities, considering legitimate cases of common phrases and proper citations.

  • Minor Overlap (< 15% similarity, with proper citations) may prompt a revision request to the author before peer review.

  • Moderate Overlap (15%–30%), or failure to properly cite key passages, may lead to outright rejection or a request for major rewriting.

  • High Overlap (over 30%) or clear evidence of copying without attribution results in rejection without recourse and possible blacklisting of the author(s).

  • If plagiarism is discovered post-publication, the Journal will follow the COPE flowchart procedures: issue a public retraction, notify the authors’ institutions, and watermark the online article as retracted.

Author Responsibilities

Authors must ensure that all sources are properly acknowledged and quoted or paraphrased with citation (APA 7th Edition). If using any previously published material (even own work), authors must disclose it and provide proper citations. Authors should declare in a covering letter that the submission is original, unpublished elsewhere, and is not under concurrent consideration by another journal.

The Journal takes all violations seriously. If a manuscript or published article is found to breach this policy, appropriate corrective or punitive measures will be enforced to uphold scholarly integrity.

 

Articles

Section default policy

Copyright Notice

Authors are required to agree to the following copyright notice as part of the submission process:

Our journal offers immediate open access to all published articles freely within the framework of the "Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)" license. Authors retain the copyright of their work and grant IBER the first publication right.

Privacy Statement

International Business and Economic Review (IBER) is committed to protecting the privacy of all registered and non-registered users of our journal platform. This statement outlines the data we collect, how we use it, and your rights concerning your personal information.

  1. Data Collection and Usage

The data collected falls strictly within the scope of operating a professional, peer-reviewed academic journal.

  1. Personal Information

We collect personal information necessary for the editorial, peer review, and publication processes. This information includes:

  • For Authors, Reviewers, and Editors: Names, institutional affiliations, contact details (email addresses, postal addresses, phone numbers), and professional roles.
  • Purpose of Use: This data is solely used to facilitate communication, manage the submission workflow, ensure transparency regarding authorship/editing, and process the Article Processing Charges (APC).
  1. Publicly Published Data

Any personal information submitted for publication (e.g., author names, affiliations, and email addresses listed in the final article metadata) will be published on the internet and may be globally accessible. This public disclosure is necessary to uphold the integrity and transparency of the scholarly record.

  1. Technical and Usage Data

We collect aggregated data on readership behaviour to understand usage patterns, track the impact of published work, and guide the improvement of the journal platform.

  1. Data Security, Sharing, and Archival
  1. Data Security and Storage

The IBER takes reasonable technical and organisational precautions to prevent the loss, misuse, or alteration of your personal information. Data is processed and stored by the journal's hosting provider to ensure its use aligns with this privacy policy.

  1. Third-Party Sharing

We do not sell or knowingly share your personal data with third parties for marketing or commercial purposes. Data may be shared only under the following conditions:

  1. Peer Review: Sharing anonymised manuscripts with reviewers.
  2. Archival and Indexing: Sharing essential metadata (names, DOIs, affiliations) with indexing services (e.g., Crossref, DOAJ) to establish the public scholarly record.
  3. Platform Improvement: Aggregated and anonymised data (e.g., article metrics) may be shared with the hosting provider or the OJS platform developer (Public Knowledge Project - PKP) to assist in platform development.
  1. Web Analytics (Google Analytics)

This website may use Google Analytics to analyse website traffic and webpage usage. This service transmits anonymised traffic data to Google servers. The IBER uses the reports provided by Google Analytics to help us understand website usage and report on readership to funding agencies or institutions. You may opt out of Google Analytics by installing the relevant browser add-on.

  1. Compliance and Your Rights (GDPR)

The IBER seeks to comply with industry standards for data privacy, including the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) principles.

This compliance acknowledges and supports your fundamental "data subject rights," including:

  • Right of Access: The right to request a copy of the personal data we hold about you.
  • Right to Rectification: The right to request correction of inaccurate or incomplete data.
  • Right to Erasure ("Right to be Forgotten"): The right to request the deletion of your data, provided this does not conflict with the public interest in maintaining the permanent integrity of the scholarly publishing record.

The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

For any queries regarding this Privacy Statement or the use of your personal data, please contact the IBER Editorial Office.